What does Duverger's Law suggest about electoral systems?

Duverger's Law posits that single-member district electoral systems, particularly those that employ a winner-takes-all approach, tend to favor the development and reinforcement of two-party systems. This occurs because voters tend to gravitate towards candidates from the two dominant parties in order to maximize their chances of winning, leading to a decrease in support for smaller or third-party candidates. As a result, smaller parties struggle to gain representation, which further solidifies the two-party structure.

In contrast, proportional representation systems encourage multi-party systems since they allow for a broader array of political voices, enabling smaller parties to obtain seats in the legislature based on the proportion of votes they receive. Thus, while the winner-takes-all electoral method inherently promotes a two-party dynamic, it becomes less effective in fostering a diverse range of parties, aligning with Duverger's observations.